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Introduction to Computing with Python - Test: Caesar Cypher

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234128 Introduction to Computing with Python Test: Caesar Cypher

Instructions. You can use any material to solve the test. However, to operate on strings, other than the functions that you implement or that are already defined in the test, you are allowed to use only the following functions: len, range, and enumerate. (This means not using advanced functions on strings, such as: index, count, split, and the like.) Make sure that your solution is clear, coherent, and well organized. The assumptions you make in your solution should be explicitly stated. Your submitted solution should be your work and your work alone. You should submit a single .zip  le containing all the  les necessary to compile and run your code (as well as instructions on how to do it). CourseNana.COM

Caesar Cypher

Problem. In cryptography, a Caesar cypher (also known as a shift cypher) is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence. CourseNana.COM

A Cesar cypher is a substitution cypher in which letters are shifted some fixed number of positions down the alphabet, wrapping back to the beginning if necessary. The shift parameter is used as the key. For example, with a shift of 3, the letter A becomes D, the letter B becomes E, and so on until X which becomes A, Y which becomes B, and Z which becomes C. Only those letters which occur in the (upper case) English alphabet are shifted; numbers, symbols, punctuation, whitespace, and all other characters are left unchanged. CourseNana.COM

For instance, here is a Caesar cypher using a shift of 23 (twenty three) places: CourseNana.COM

Plain A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Cypher X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W CourseNana.COM

When encrypting, the algorithm looks up each letter of the message in the \plain" line and writes down the corresponding letter in the \cypher" line. In this way, a plaintext becomes a cyphertext. CourseNana.COM

Plaintext THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG Cyphertext QEB NRFZH YOLTK CLU GRJMP LSBO QEB IXWV ALD CourseNana.COM

To undo a Caesar cipher, the same algorithm is applied shifting in reverse. In the example above, this means shifting with -23 (minus twenty three) places. CourseNana.COM

Task. Accompanying this test there are  les caesar.py, main.py, and README.md. Your task is to complete and to  x the code in the  les caesar.py and main.py in order to obtain a full working implementation of a Caesar cypher for encoding and decoding messages given a shared key. Morever, you should include a brief description on how to use this code in the  le README.md CourseNana.COM

The code to complete is indicated with the keyword TODO included as a comment and requires for you to: (1) understand what a particular function does in order to write a comment; (2) determine the parameters and/or arguments of a particular function; (3)  nish the de nition of a function. The code to  x require you to identify and repair syntax errors. CourseNana.COM

Submission. You must submit the  les main.py, caesar.py, and README.md all zipped into one  le. Your program must take its input from the command line. The input to your program will be: (1) the key used for encoding/decoding messages; (2) a string which will be either encode (for encode) or decode (for decode) (3) two  les which will serve to model the input/output behavior of the algorithm. The  rst  le will contain the input to which the Caesar cypher is meant to be applied. The second  le will contain the result of applying the Caesar cypher to the input. CourseNana.COM

This means that you should be able to execute your program by using: python3 main.py \ encode|decode \ \ CourseNana.COM

In any other case, the program should print: error: incorrect number of arguments for main.py use: main.py \ encode|decode \ \ CourseNana.COM

It is assumed that: (A) \ contains the text to which the Caesar cypher is meant to be applied (line by line); (B) \ will contain the text that will result of applying the Caesar cypher to each line in the input file. CourseNana.COM

For instance, if the  le plain.01 contains the line: CourseNana.COM

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG CourseNana.COM

Then, executing CourseNana.COM

python3 main.py 23 encode plain.01 encoded.01

should result in a file encoded.01 with the line: CourseNana.COM

QEB NRFZH YOLTK CLU GRJMP LSBO QEB IXWV ALD CourseNana.COM

Moreover, if the  le encoded.01 contains the line: CourseNana.COM

QEB NRFZH YOLTK CLU GRJMP LSBO QEB IXWV ALD CourseNana.COM

Then, executing CourseNana.COM

python3 main.py 23 decode encoded.01 decoded.01

should result in a  le decoded.01 with the line: CourseNana.COM

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG CourseNana.COM

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